{"id":675,"date":"2026-08-19T18:17:33","date_gmt":"2026-08-19T18:17:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webmediamall.com\/index.php\/2026\/08\/19\/unicorn778-new-zealand-opens-marine-reserves-with-groundbreaking-maori-co-management-model-peluang-terburuk-saat-bermain-slot-online\/"},"modified":"2026-08-19T18:17:33","modified_gmt":"2026-08-19T18:17:33","slug":"unicorn778-new-zealand-opens-marine-reserves-with-groundbreaking-maori-co-management-model-peluang-terburuk-saat-bermain-slot-online","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webmediamall.com\/index.php\/2026\/08\/19\/unicorn778-new-zealand-opens-marine-reserves-with-groundbreaking-maori-co-management-model-peluang-terburuk-saat-bermain-slot-online\/","title":{"rendered":"UNICORN778 New Zealand opens marine reserves with groundbreaking M\u0101ori co-management model Peluang Terburuk Saat Bermain Slot Online"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<div id=\"post-326516\">&#13;<\/p>\n<div class=\"bulletpoints-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"bulletpoints\">\n<ul>\n<li><em>Five new marine protected areas (MPAs) came into effect in Aotearoa New Zealand in July after more than a decade of grassroots and governmental work \u2014 and a sixth is expected to open in the near future.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>The MPAs are no-take marine reserves, areas where all extractive activities are banned, co-managed by the regional M\u0101ori tribe K\u0101i Tahu and the Department of Conservation.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>The reserves are the first in the country to be co-managed by Indigenous people and the government through shared decision-making and a joint ranger team.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>The reserves are the first part of a planned network, called Te Au Roa o Te Rakihouia, which is expected to have not only the reserves but also other types of protected areas that have less strict protections.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><button class=\"content-expander\"><span>See All Key Ideas<\/span><\/button><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#13;<\/p>\n<p>DUNEDIN, Aotearoa New Zealand \u2014 At a U.N. meeting in 2015, Aotearoa New Zealand\u2019s then Prime Minister John Key made a <a href=\"https:\/\/media.un.org\/avlibrary\/en\/asset\/d144\/d1448106\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">major announcement<\/a> that drew praise from international conservation groups: His administration would turn a swath of waters far larger than the country\u2019s land mass into a marine protected area (MPA).<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nzgeo.com\/kermadecs\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Kermadec<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nzgeo.com\/kermadecs\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\"> Ocean Sanctuary<\/a>, planned for New Zealand\u2019s northern waters, would have been one of the largest fully no-take MPAs in the world, but the sanctuary violated M\u0101ori fishing rights enshrined decades earlier. Key\u2019s government had done <a href=\"https:\/\/e-tangata.co.nz\/comment-and-analysis\/the-kermadecs-what-does-the-government-not-understand-about-consult-with-iwi\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">relatively little to consult with M\u0101ori groups<\/a> about the proposal, many of whom resisted the plan, calling for more recognition of their authority and their role in ocean governance. The sanctuary plan fell through.<\/p>\n<p>Yet, even as Key\u2019s top-down exercise <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nzgeo.com\/stories\/the-kermadecs-conundrum\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">drew criticism<\/a>, a more bottom-up approach to marine governance was underway in the country\u2019s far southeast.<\/p>\n<p>There, M\u0101ori leaders helped develop a network of small MPAs, five of which became official on July 1, 2026, after more than a decade of grassroots and governmental work. A key aim is to protect seabed habitats, offshore canyons, rocky reefs, tidal lagoons and kelp forests. The network, called Te Au Roa o Te Rakihouia, is co-managed by the regional M\u0101ori tribe K\u0101i Tahu (Ng\u0101i Tahu in standard M\u0101ori), and the Department of Conservation. The reserves are the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.doc.govt.nz\/news\/media-releases\/2026-media-releases\/new-name-for-otagos-marine-reserve-network\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">first<\/a> in the country to be co-managed by Indigenous people and the government using shared decision-making and a joint marine ranger team. The network name refers to the long wake of Te Rakihouia, a K\u0101i Tahu ancestor who explored the South Island\u2019s waters.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis is the only example of its type in the country and \u2026 could well be quite a good model going forward,\u201d Edward Ellison, a K\u0101i Tahu leader and one of six governors of the network, told Mongabay. \u201cIt\u2019s taking the best out of our legislation that we can and making it work in a way that carries the spirit of us exercising our <em>rakatirataka <\/em>[<em>rangatiratanga<\/em> in standard M\u0101ori], which is authority, and <em>kaitiakitaka <\/em>[<em>kaitiakitanga <\/em>in standard M\u0101ori], which is guardianship.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_326546\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165809\/1-Edward-Ellison.jpg\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-326546\" src=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165809\/1-Edward-Ellison.jpg\" alt=\"Edward Ellison, a governor of the newly established Te Au Roa o Te Rakihouia network along the southeast coast of New Zealand\u2019s South Island, has been engaged in developing the network since 2014. Image by Edward Carver for Mongabay.\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165809\/1-Edward-Ellison.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165809\/1-Edward-Ellison-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165809\/1-Edward-Ellison-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165809\/1-Edward-Ellison-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165809\/1-Edward-Ellison-610x407.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Edward Ellison, a governor of the newly established Te Au Roa o Te Rakihouia network along the southeast coast of New Zealand\u2019s South Island, has been engaged in developing the network since 2014. Image by Edward Carver for Mongabay.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_326550\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18170014\/UN7211723.jpg\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-326550\" src=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18170014\/UN7211723.jpg\" alt=\"John Key, then prime minister of New Zealand, addresses the U.N. General Assembly in 2015.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"796\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18170014\/UN7211723.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18170014\/UN7211723-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18170014\/UN7211723-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18170014\/UN7211723-610x405.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Key, then prime minister of New Zealand, addresses the U.N. General Assembly in 2015. Image by UN Photo\/Amanda Voisard.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><strong>Network history<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The five new MPAs and the sixth potential one are no-take marine reserves. This applies to customary K\u0101i Tahu fishing, though K\u0101i Tahu educational work, such as traditional fishing workshops that may involve limited take, is allowed. The full network is expected to have the reserves alongside other types of protected areas with less strict protections: five mixed-use <a href=\"https:\/\/www.doc.govt.nz\/nature\/habitats\/marine\/type-2-marine-protected-areas\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Type 2 MPAs<\/a> and one kelp protection area. This makes 12 MPAs in total, six of which would be reserves.<\/p>\n<p>New Zealand\u2019s Department of Conservation set aside roughly 7 million New Zealand Dollars (about US$4 million) for the network from 2023 to 2027, drawing from conservation funds reprioritized from other conservation initiatives, according to Mel Lawless, marine reserves program lead at the agency.<\/p>\n<p>The process began in 2014 with the formation of a roughly 15-member forum that included members from the fields of conservation, commercial fishing, recreational fishing, tourism and science. Ellison, the forum\u2019s deputy chair, was one of three K\u0101i Tahu forum members, and there were three fully participating K\u0101i Tahu alternates, he said.<\/p>\n<p>Ellison stipulated that all the early forum meetings needed to be held in <em>marae<\/em>, M\u0101ori gathering places, to help build an understanding in the forum of how K\u0101i Tahu work together.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThat set a really great base and people felt comfortable and understood,\u201d he told Mongabay. \u201cWe were an important part of the forum as a result,\u201d he added.<\/p>\n<p>After nearly four years of planning and community consultation work, the forum submitted two alternate networks to the government. Neither was as ambitious or expansive as conservationists had hoped, but one, favored by most of the members, still covered more than three times as much area as the other. The three commercial fishing forum members supported the latter proposal, as did one of the two recreational fishing members. In 2019, the government opted to proceed with the larger of the two plans, which laid out the 12 MPAs. Years passed with discussions at various levels, including within K\u0101i Tahu, whose interests ranged from kaitiakitaka and conservation to commercial fishing.<\/p>\n<p>Nine days before the October 2023 general election, New Zealand\u2019s center-left government approved the six marine reserves. Despite power shifting to a center-right-led coalition that has faced criticism for policies affecting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/ng-interactive\/2024\/jul\/29\/new-zealand-coalition-government-policy-changes-maori-impact-revealed\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">M\u0101ori rights<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/asia-pacific\/new-zealand-scraps-clean-green-policies-boost-economy-2024-08-04\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">environmental protections<\/a>, the new government continued the process of establishing the reserves.<\/p>\n<p>A legal case has prevented one of the six reserves, Te Umuk\u014dau, from coming into effect. The Otago Rock Lobster\u00a0Industry Association, which represents eight commercial fishers, challenged the government decision on the six reserves with a case centered on Te Umuk\u014dau.<\/p>\n<p>Red rock lobster (<em>Jasus edwardsii<\/em>), also called crayfish locally, is one of the area\u2019s highest-valued catches, with much of what is caught exported live to China. Chanel Gardner, the association\u2019s executive officer, said that the planned reserves took away significant lobster fishing grounds and a more \u201csurgical\u201d approach was needed. She said that commercial fishers \u201ctried extensively\u201d to engage with the government, mainly the Department of Conservation, on the matter.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen that again failed to work, we had to go down the path of judicial review, and the main thrust of that was that the department didn\u2019t adequately consult with commercial fishing in respect to rock lobster and the impact that it would have on that industry,\u201d Gardner told Mongabay.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-326682 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/19144012\/2026_068_AA_MarineReserves_v3-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Marine reserves and management areas in southeast New Zealand\" width=\"2560\" height=\"2048\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/19144012\/2026_068_AA_MarineReserves_v3-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/19144012\/2026_068_AA_MarineReserves_v3-768x615.jpg 768w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/19144012\/2026_068_AA_MarineReserves_v3-1536x1229.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/19144012\/2026_068_AA_MarineReserves_v3-2048x1639.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/19144012\/2026_068_AA_MarineReserves_v3-1200x960.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/19144012\/2026_068_AA_MarineReserves_v3-610x488.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\"\/><\/p>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.doc.govt.nz\/our-work\/marine-reserves-for-the-southeast-of-the-south-island\/judicial-review-of-southeast-marine-reserves-resolved\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">settlement<\/a> was reached in December 2025 in which the boundaries of Te Umuk\u014dau Marine Reserve would be subject to \u201climited reconsideration.\u201d So far, no final decision on the boundaries has been released, nor has an opening date for that reserve been set.<\/p>\n<p>Likewise, no timetable has been set for the finalization of the five Type 2 MPAs or kelp protection area proposed as part of the network. These six areas, which are not reserves, are handled mainly by Fisheries New Zealand, the fisheries regulator. Reserves fall mainly under the remit of the Department of Conservation.<\/p>\n<p>Asked why Fisheries New Zealand hasn\u2019t yet brought the six areas into effect, Emma Taylor, the director of fisheries management, told Mongabay in an emailed statement that now that five of the reserves are in place, the agency \u201cis updating information in relation to the five Type 2 MPAs and the kelp protection area.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Though some critics of the new reserves have suggested that the government is simply looking for places to bolster its marine protection figures and meet international commitments, the reserves are too small to make much of an accounting difference.<\/p>\n<p>New Zealand has one of the largest marine jurisdictions in the world. Together, the five cover 308 square kilometers (119 square miles), about 0.01% of New Zealand\u2019s waters, Lawless told Mongabay. With this addition, 0.46% of the country\u2019s waters are highly protected, and 20.38% have \u201csome form of protection,\u201d Lawless said.<\/p>\n<p>These numbers have special significance because in 2022, the world\u2019s nations <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbd.int\/gbf\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">agreed<\/a> to ensure that 30% of land and sea is \u201ceffectively conserved and managed\u201d by 2030, a framework known as 30\u00d730.\u00a0Each nation determines how much to contribute to the effort.<\/p>\n<p>Ellison said \u201cstrong commercial interests\u201d will make it difficult for New Zealand to reach such a target for oceans. But he expects the new reserves to provide strong baseline data, allowing comparisons to be made between those habitats that are commercially exploited and those that aren\u2019t, for example, and to have positive spillover effects for fisheries.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_326544\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165750\/6-The-town-of-Karitane.jpg\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-326544\" src=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165750\/6-The-town-of-Karitane.jpg\" alt=\"The town of Karit\u0101ne, which includes the community of Puketeraki, as seen from a nearby overlook. Puketeraki is home to a marae or M\u0101ori gathering place, where marine management meetings are held. Image by Edward Carver for Mongabay.\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165750\/6-The-town-of-Karitane.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165750\/6-The-town-of-Karitane-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165750\/6-The-town-of-Karitane-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165750\/6-The-town-of-Karitane-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165750\/6-The-town-of-Karitane-610x407.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The town of Karit\u0101ne, which includes the community of Puketeraki, as seen from a nearby overlook. Puketeraki is home to a <em>marae<\/em> or M\u0101ori gathering place, where marine management meetings are held. Image by Edward Carver for Mongabay.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><strong>Bottom-up, grassroots work<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Alongside the network are several small, pre-existing customary management areas called <em>m\u0101taitai<\/em> and <em>tai\u0101pure<\/em>, which give M\u0101ori a leading role in fisheries decisions. These aren\u2019t officially part of the network, nor are they included in New Zealand\u2019s \u201c30 by 30\u201d accounting, but are closely associated with it. The network\u2019s co-management model was inspired in part by the bottom-up governance work done in customary management areas in recent decades. For this reporter, attending a tai\u0101pure meeting felt like a lesson in participatory democracy.<\/p>\n<p>The M\u0101ori people descend from Polynesian settlers who migrated many hundreds of years ago and have a long tradition of guardianship of the sea. Several K\u0101i Tahu people told Mongabay they took that responsibility seriously regardless of whether there was formal recognition or pay. With the opening of the network, a team of marine rangers has been hired to do ecological monitoring, marine restoration such as reseeding <em>p\u0101ua<\/em> (abalone), surveillance related to the no-take rules, as well as education and outreach.<\/p>\n<p>Brendan Flack, a <em>tangata tiaki<\/em> or customary fisheries guardian for a K\u0101i Tahu hap\u016b (sub-tribe) called K\u0101ti Huirapa who lives in the community of Puketeraki, leads the newly assembled team of marine rangers. The rangers are employed through the K\u0101i Tahu tribal council, working alongside the Department of Conservation. Not everyone on Flack\u2019s team is K\u0101i Tahu or M\u0101ori \u2014 people are hired \u201cbased on skills\u201d and on knowledge and experience, he told Mongabay. There is funding for six full-time rangers.<\/p>\n<p>Suzi Flack, also a tangata tiaki for the hap\u016b and Brendan\u2019s wife, told Mongabay that the network\u2019s establishment puts K\u0101i Tahu participants on more \u201cequal footing\u201d in marine management settings where other actors have often been \u201con the clock\u201d while they have not.<\/p>\n<p>On the day Mongabay joined the rangers, just weeks into their onboarding and training process, they were harvesting giant kelp (<em>Macrocystis pyrifera<\/em>) and working with a University of Otago researcher to package and heat-treat it to stop enzyme activity and prepare it for further study. They\u2019ve also done work to remove wakame (<em>Undaria pinnatifida<\/em>), an invasive seaweed species. One aim is to test the seaweeds for bioactive compounds.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf we can get high-value products from that, then that in turn can provide an income stream for ongoing funding of this team and also expansion of the team as well,\u201d Brendan Flack said.<\/p>\n<p>Chris Hepburn, director of the aquaculture and fisheries program at the University of Otago and co-coordinator of a research partnership called <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mahingakai.org.nz\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Te Tiaki Mahinga Kai<\/a>, said the ranger positions provide \u201ca pathway into research or conservation or restoration.\u201d He said investment of this kind is crucial for local people who have limited employment options.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere\u2019s a lot of issues on this coastline,\u201d he said, adding that many people work \u201cnight shifts on a mine or a chicken farm or a dairy farm or the meat works\u201d to make ends meet.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_326549\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165826\/4-Patrick-Tipa-a-Kai-Tahu-marine-ranger.jpg\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-326549\" src=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165826\/4-Patrick-Tipa-a-Kai-Tahu-marine-ranger.jpg\" alt=\"Patrick Tipa, a K\u0101i Tahu marine ranger under the new Te Au Roa o Te Rakihouia network, pauses along the shoreline after harvesting seaweed. Image by Edward Carver for Mongabay.\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165826\/4-Patrick-Tipa-a-Kai-Tahu-marine-ranger.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165826\/4-Patrick-Tipa-a-Kai-Tahu-marine-ranger-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165826\/4-Patrick-Tipa-a-Kai-Tahu-marine-ranger-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165826\/4-Patrick-Tipa-a-Kai-Tahu-marine-ranger-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165826\/4-Patrick-Tipa-a-Kai-Tahu-marine-ranger-610x407.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Patrick Tipa, a K\u0101i Tahu marine ranger under the new Te Au Roa o Te Rakihouia network, pauses along the shoreline after harvesting seaweed. Image by Edward Carver for Mongabay.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_326548\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165820\/3-Brendan-Flack-leader-of-the-Kai-Tahu.jpg\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-326548\" src=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165820\/3-Brendan-Flack-leader-of-the-Kai-Tahu.jpg\" alt=\"Brendan Flack, leader of the K\u0101i Tahu marine rangers team, prepares newly harvested golden kelp (Ecklonia radiata) for processing. Image by Edward Carver for Mongabay.\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165820\/3-Brendan-Flack-leader-of-the-Kai-Tahu.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165820\/3-Brendan-Flack-leader-of-the-Kai-Tahu-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165820\/3-Brendan-Flack-leader-of-the-Kai-Tahu-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165820\/3-Brendan-Flack-leader-of-the-Kai-Tahu-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165820\/3-Brendan-Flack-leader-of-the-Kai-Tahu-610x407.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brendan Flack, leader of the K\u0101i Tahu marine rangers team, prepares newly harvested giant kelp (<em>Macrocystis pyrifera<\/em>)\u00a0for processing. Image by Edward Carver for Mongabay.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The Flacks\u2019 connection to the sea runs deep. Their work has included traditional Polynesian navigation, <em>waka<\/em> (canoe) building and multiple layers of marine management, including of a m\u0101taitai and a tai\u0101pure. The Flacks are leading figures in one of the three <em>r\u016bnaka<\/em> (<em>r\u016bnanga <\/em>in standard M\u0101ori) or local branches of K\u0101i Tahu that is most directly involved with the Te Au Roa o Te Rakihouia network, while Ellison is the senior leader of another.<\/p>\n<p>Ellison said he has long opposed marine reserves, which, like no-take MPAs elsewhere in the world, can restrict Indigenous peoples\u2019 access to customary waters and fishing practices. He called <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.govt.nz\/act\/public\/1971\/15\/en\/latest\/\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">the 1971 act under which reserves are instituted<\/a> \u201carchaic\u201d. (A M\u0101ori leader from the North Island told Mongabay it was \u201cracist legislation.\u201d)<\/p>\n<p>Ellison said the planning processes have been flawed and not just in the case of the Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary. He said that M\u0101ori have generally been treated as just one of many stakeholders rather than as rights-holders and Treaty partners, referring to the Treaty of Waitangi, a founding document of New Zealand signed by the British Crown and M\u0101ori chiefs in 1840.<\/p>\n<p>Yet Ellison and others expressed hope that a paradigm shift was underway. There\u2019s a large body of research, mostly from terrestrial settings, showing that Indigenous participation improves conservation outcomes, especially when Indigenous people aren\u2019t just consulted but have meaningful authority and decision-making power. For example, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2590332224002124\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">2024 systematic review<\/a> in the journal <em>One Earth<\/em> found that the more authority Indigenous people and local communities were given, the better the chance a conservation initiative had of achieving positive outcomes.<\/p>\n<p>For Ellison, the benefits of the new reserves go beyond marine management.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe purpose is also to retain memory, location, <em>k\u014drero<\/em> associated with these places, and build on that going forward for future generations,\u201d he said in an official <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VQk8P75QCzs\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">launch video<\/a>, using the M\u0101ori word for the stories and knowledge associated with a place.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s a model that helps broker the way forward,\u201d Ellison told Mongabay.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere will be those who try and attack it from a negative point of view,\u201d he added. \u201cBut when they have a close look at it \u2026 we\u2019re exercising our rights and responsibilities, and doing it in partnership with the Department [of Conservation], so it\u2019s conjoint and multiplies the learnings.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_326543\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165745\/5-Chris-Hepburn-a-professor-at-the-University-of-Otago.jpg\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-326543\" src=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165745\/5-Chris-Hepburn-a-professor-at-the-University-of-Otago.jpg\" alt=\"Chris Hepburn, a professor at the University of Otago, stands alongside an inlet area of the pro-posed Te Umuk\u014dau Marine Reserve in southeastern New Zealand. Hepburn was the sole scien-tist on the roughly 15-member forum that undertook the planning for Te Au Roa o Te Rakihouia from 2014-2018. He said the plan only \u201cgot through\u201d because of the Indigenous co-management model, which he predicted would be a \u201cmodel for the future for this country for marine reserves.\u201d Image by Edward Carver for Mongabay.\" width=\"2117\" height=\"1350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165745\/5-Chris-Hepburn-a-professor-at-the-University-of-Otago.jpg 2117w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165745\/5-Chris-Hepburn-a-professor-at-the-University-of-Otago-768x490.jpg 768w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165745\/5-Chris-Hepburn-a-professor-at-the-University-of-Otago-1536x979.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165745\/5-Chris-Hepburn-a-professor-at-the-University-of-Otago-2048x1306.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165745\/5-Chris-Hepburn-a-professor-at-the-University-of-Otago-1200x765.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/imgs.mongabay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2026\/08\/18165745\/5-Chris-Hepburn-a-professor-at-the-University-of-Otago-610x389.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2117px) 100vw, 2117px\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chris Hepburn, a professor at the University of Otago, stands alongside an inlet area of the pro-posed Te Umuk\u014dau Marine Reserve in southeastern New Zealand. Hepburn was the sole scientist on the roughly 15-member forum that undertook the planning for Te Au Roa o Te Rakihouia from 2014-2018. He said the plan only \u201cgot through\u201d because of the Indigenous co-management model, which he predicted would be a \u201cmodel for the future for this country for marine reserves.\u201d Image by Edward Carver for Mongabay.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em><strong>Banner image:<\/strong> Members of the K\u0101i Tahu marine ranger team return from harvesting seaweed. Image by Edward Carver for Mongabay.<\/em><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"AZRXWg0Ggb\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/news.mongabay.com\/2026\/04\/maori-knowledge-shows-climate-change-domino-effects-on-forest-food-chains\/\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">M\u0101ori knowledge shows climate change domino effects on forest food chains<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cM\u0101ori knowledge shows climate change domino effects on forest food chains\u201d \u2014 Conservation news\" src=\"https:\/\/news.mongabay.com\/2026\/04\/maori-knowledge-shows-climate-change-domino-effects-on-forest-food-chains\/embed\/#?secret=yg03EyUfgE#?secret=AZRXWg0Ggb\" data-secret=\"AZRXWg0Ggb\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"DwQE3wkOjo\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/news.mongabay.com\/2026\/08\/this-is-whats-working-indigenous-leaders-on-environment-solutions-in-their-communities\/\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">\u2018This is what\u2019s working\u2019: Indigenous leaders on environment solutions in their communities<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201c\u2018This is what\u2019s working\u2019: Indigenous leaders on environment solutions in their communities\u201d \u2014 Conservation news\" src=\"https:\/\/news.mongabay.com\/2026\/08\/this-is-whats-working-indigenous-leaders-on-environment-solutions-in-their-communities\/embed\/#?secret=Z77tfF45g4#?secret=DwQE3wkOjo\" data-secret=\"DwQE3wkOjo\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>Citation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dawson,\u00a0N.\u00a0M., Coolsaet,\u00a0B., Bhardwaj,\u00a0A., Booker,\u00a0F., Brown,\u00a0D., Lliso,\u00a0B., \u2026 Worsdell,\u00a0T. (2024). Is it just conservation? A typology of Indigenous Peoples\u2019 and local communities\u2019 roles in conserving biodiversity. <em>One Earth,\u00a07<\/em>(6), 1007-1021. doi:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oneear.2024.05.001\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">10.1016\/j.oneear.2024.05.001<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Feedback:<\/strong>\u00a0Use\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/form.jotform.com\/242982212235352\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">this form<\/a>\u00a0to send a message to the author of this post. If you want to post a public comment, you can do that at the bottom of the page.<\/p>\n<div id=\"single-article-footer\">\n<div id=\"cite-article\" class=\"align-left banner bg-brand-color crossref-doi outlined ph--16 pv--16\">\n<h2>Cite this article<\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"crossref-doi\">Edward Carver (2026). New Zealand opens marine reserves with groundbreaking M\u0101ori co-management model. Mongabay Conservation news. DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.66709\/news-326516\" data-wpel-link=\"external\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.66709\/news-326516<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"container in-column about-editor-translator gap--40 pv--80\">\n<div class=\"container grid--3 repeat gap--40\">\n<div class=\"in-row gap--16\">\n<div class=\"author-avatar\">\n                    <img alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9531f703a49264638b21e9cee471685031b1a88a2bad9fbe9fb1cc3a216071d4?s=32&amp;d=identicon&amp;r=g\" srcset=\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9531f703a49264638b21e9cee471685031b1a88a2bad9fbe9fb1cc3a216071d4?s=64&amp;d=identicon&amp;r=g 2x\" class=\"avatar avatar-32 photo\" height=\"32\" width=\"32\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"\/>        <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&#13;<br \/>\n                            <span class=\"article-comments\"><a href=\"\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"\/><\/span>&#13;<br \/>\n&#13;<br \/>\n                            &#13;<br \/>\n        &#13;\n                        <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#13; Five new marine protected areas (MPAs) came into effect in Aotearoa New Zealand in&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":676,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[12,1882,1880,1881,760,1883,14,1878,9,1879,11,13,10,2,1877],"class_list":["post-675","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-unicorn778","tag-bermain","tag-comanagement","tag-groundbreaking","tag-maori","tag-marine","tag-model","tag-online","tag-opens","tag-peluang","tag-reserves","tag-saat","tag-slot","tag-terburuk","tag-unicorn778","tag-zealand"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/webmediamall.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/675","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/webmediamall.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/webmediamall.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webmediamall.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webmediamall.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=675"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/webmediamall.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/675\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webmediamall.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/676"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/webmediamall.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=675"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webmediamall.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=675"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webmediamall.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=675"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}